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Python is the world’s fastest growing programming language. Because of its high-level, interpreted, and object-oriented architecture, it is suitable for all types of software solutions. It has a simple syntax that is similar to natural language, making it easier to read and understand.
You can check the step-by-step guide for installing Python in Visual Studio Code from here or you can download PyCharm, an IDE for python from here.
Below are programs describing the input, output, assignment, loops, arrays, and other functionalities of Python 3. You can run these programs on your side to better understand how they function.
Table of Contents
– Program to display a message
– Program assigning values to variables
– Program performing addition of two numbers
– Program asking input from the user
– Program with conditional statement (if…else)
– While loop
– For loop
– Program performing Iteration
– For loop (in range)
– Arrays in Python
I) Program to display a message
print("Hello World!")
Output:
Hello World!
II) Program assigning values to variables
x=5
#since integer 5 is assigned to x, then x becomes an integer variable, i.e., the datatype of x is now integeroutstring="Hello world!"
#since a text is assigned to outstring, then outstring becomes a string variable, i.e., the datatype of outstring is now string
III) Program performing addition of two numbers
x=5
#value 5 is assigned to xy=4sum= x+y
#adds the values of x and y and assigns the result to sumprint("The sum of", x, "and", y, "is", sum)
#prints the sum of x and y
Output:
The sum of 5 and 4 is 9
IV) Program asking input from the user
print("Enter your name: ", end="")
#prompts the user to enter their namename=input()
#reads the user's input and assigns it to the variable name
ANOTHER WAY
name=input("Enter your name: ")
#prompts the user to enter his/her name
Terminal:
Please enter your name: Farhaan
V) Program with conditional statement (if…else)
num=input("Enter a number: ")
#Assume only real numbers can be enteredif(int(num)>0):
#if the condition evaluates to true then positive is displayed
print("Positive")else:
#if the condition evaluates to false then negative is displayed
print("Negative")
Output:
Enter a number: 5
Positive
VI) Program with a while loop
num = 1while num < 5: #while loop print(num) #prints the value of num num+= 1 #incrementing the value of num by 1
Output:
1
2
3
4
VII) Program with a for loop
x = ["1", "2", "3"] # List of stringsfor i in x: # Loop through the list print(i)else: print("No more data") # Print this when the loop is done
Output:
1
2
3
No more data
VIII) Program performing Iteration
text="Hello World!"
for i in text: #for each character in text
print (i, end="") #print the character
Output:
Hello World!
IX) Program with a for loop (in range)
sum=0
for i in range(10): #0 to 9
sum= sum + 1
print(sum)
Output:
10
X) Arrays in Python
Python does not have built-in support for arrays but it has a data type called a list which is functionally very similar to arrays from C/C++.
Important methods for Array/List in Python
append()
clear()
copy()
count()
extend()
index()
insert()
pop()
remove()
reverse()
sort()
Below are examples of the uses of some of the methods.
array =["red", "blue", "yellow", "green"] #initial array
a) append()
print("The initial array: ",array)
array.append("purple") #add purple to the end of the array
print("Final array: ",array)
Output:
The initial array: ['red', 'blue', 'yellow', 'green']
Final array: ['red', 'blue', 'yellow', 'green', 'purple']
b) remove()
print("The initial array: ",array)
array.remove("blue") #remove blue from the array
print("Final array: ",array)
Output:
The initial array: ['red', 'blue', 'yellow', 'green', 'purple']
Final array: ['red', 'yellow', 'green', 'purple']
c) pop()
print("The initial array: ",array)
array.pop(2) #remove the element at index 2
print("Final array: ",array)
Output:
The initial array: ['red', 'yellow', 'green', 'purple']
Final array: ['red', 'yellow', 'purple']
d) insert()
print("The initial array: ",array)
array.insert(0, "orange") #insert orange at the beginning of the array(overwritting existing element)
print("Final array: ",array)
Output:
The initial array: ['red', 'yellow', 'purple']
Final array: ['orange', 'red', 'yellow', 'purple']
e) sort() ascending
print("The initial array: ",array)
array.sort(reverse=False) #sort the array in ascending order
print("Final array: ",array)
Output:
The initial array: ['orange', 'red', 'yellow', 'purple']
Final array: ['orange', 'purple', 'red', 'yellow']
f) sort() descending
print("The initial array: ",array)
array.sort(reverse=True) #sort the array in descending order
print("Final array: ",array)
Output:
The initial array: ['orange', 'purple', 'red', 'yellow']
Final array: ['yellow', 'red', 'purple', 'orange']